Advances in Polyethylene Glycol-Based Materials in Peritoneal Adhesions

Abstract

Peritoneal adhesions (PA), commonly occurring complications of wound healing, often lead to various medical issues, including secondary, chronic abdominal pain, small bowel obstruction and infertility. In recent years, the focus has shifted towards employing Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), known for its unique biological properties, to mitigate postoperative peritoneal adhesions. PEG stands out for its anti-adhesion capabilities, demonstrated through its surface non-adhesiveness, ability to inhibit protein adsorption and cell attachment, and its effectiveness in preventing thrombus and fibrin formation, alongside its highly adaptable properties. Consequently, researchers have explored PEGbased materials, often blending or copolymerizing them with other substances to enhance their characteristics. Various adhesion prevention techniques, including membranes, sprays, injectable hydrogels, and solutions, have been extensively studied. This article begins with an exploration of the etiology and complications of peritoneal adhesions, followed by a concise summary of recent advancements in PEG-based anti-adhesion barriers and hydrogels. Additionally, it provides critical insights and comments, laying a theoretical groundwork for future research in this field.