Cisplatin Nano-Liposomes Promoting Apoptosis of Retinoblastoma Cells Both In Vivo and In Vitro

Abstract

This study was established to investigate the effects of cisplatin nano-liposomes on the apoptosis of the human retinoblastoma (RB) cell line Y79 in vitro and in vivo. Y79 cells were cultured and then exposed to Annexin V/PI to test their apoptosis, tested with the Caspase-3 activity detection kit to examine the change in activity of Caspase-3, and subjected to western blotting to test Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression. Y79-cell-transplanted tumor model in nude mice was also established and divided into three groups, with five nude mice in each. Cisplatin nano-liposomes were applied to the experimental group, cisplatin was injected into the control group, while saline was administered to the blank group, after which the nude mice were killed and the tumor was removed. Tumor volumes and weights in the three groups were compared. Nucleic acid extraction from magnetic beads was adopted to extract DNA, RT-PCR was employed to test Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA levels in tumor tissues, and in situ cell death assay kit was applied to test apoptotic cells. In comparison to the cisplatin solution and DMSO groups, the cisplatin liposome group showed higher Y79 apoptotic rate, Caspase-3 activity, and Bax protein expression, and lower Bcl-2 protein expression (all P < 0 05). In comparison with the control and blank groups, the experimental group showed lower tumor volume, weight, and Bcl-2 mRNA level of nude mice. In addition, in comparison with the control group, the experimental group showed higher cellular apoptotic rate and Bax mRNA level. In terms of the clinical effects of cisplatin nano-liposomes on a tumor transplant in nude mice with cervical cancer, they were shown to promote tumor apoptosis.