1. Department of Mathematics, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2. Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
3. Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia