The Study of Conditions for Bioleaching Heavy Metals from Polluted Soil and Metabonomics in Penicillium chrysogenum

Abstract

The effects of the temperature, pH value and leaching time on the bioleaching ratio of heavy metals were studied using an orthogonal method in the paper. The metabonomics of Penicillium chrysogenum F1 were detected to deeply illustrate the bioleaching mechanism of Penicillium chrysogenumF1. The results showed that the bioleaching ratios of lead and zinc are the best at 30 °C on the 7th day, while those of cadmium and copper are the best at 20 °C on the 5th day. A pH value of 7.0 is best for heavy metal bioleaching ratios. The combination of 30 °C, pH 7.0 and 7 days is best for the total bioleaching ratios. The intensities of metabolites vary with the addition of heavy metal-polluted soil. The main catabolic pathways of glucose are not influenced by the heavy metal-polluted soil, though some metabolic enzymes are influenced, resulting in some metabolites undergoing upregulation or downregulation. Both organic acids and other metabolites containing functional groups (-NH2, -OH, -CHO, -CO) can extract heavy metals from soil.