Performing Effective Drug Delivery and Hyperthermia Based on Biological and Treatment Parameters: A Comprehensive Eulerian-Lagrangian Approach

Abstract

The complex nature of involved biomechanical/thermal phenomena, clearly highlights the necessity of a comprehensive numerical modeling of the treatment process. The present numerical study is performed in two main phases: first the magnetic nanoparticles distribution is calculated throughout the cancerous tissue by application of Eulerian-Lagrangian method. To simulate the bio-system behavior as realistic as possible several parameters and phenomena are numerically modeled such as: Lorentz and Magnetization forces, non-Newtonian blood behavior, tissue multi-zone formation, capillary vessels blood delivery, lymphatic blood drainage and dominant actuating forces for the particles movement. In the second phase, two coupled energy equations for blood and tissues are solved numerically to determine the temperature distribution in the presence of an external alternating magnetic field (AMF). The effect of several parameters including flow Re number, strength of static and alternating magnetic fields are investigated, as well. Based on the obtained numerical data, there exists an optimum Mn number to maximize the deposition percentage for various simulated Re number, in addition to the fact that hyperthermia treatment is more feasible and practical for tissues with high Re number.