Effects of Ginkgo biloba Extract on Cognitive Function Recovery and Inflammatory Factors in Rats After Anesthesia

Abstract

This research was aimed to investigated the impacts of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on cognitive function and inflammatory factors in rats after anesthesia. Firstly, the primary cultured cortical neurons of rats were prepared in culture medium, to which different concentrations of GbE were added, and cell viability was observed. Twenty SD rats were selected, among which 10 rats were made into a model of neurological dysfunction, and the other 10 were used as controls. The correlation between neurological dysfunction and inflammatory factors was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation (PRC) analysis. Another 40 SD rats were screened and grouped into 4 (a model (M) group, a treatment (T) group, a prevention (P) group, and a blank (B) group). Rats in the P and T treatments were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg GbE injection before or after anesthesia induction, while an equal amount of 0.9% NaCl solution was administrated in M and B groups once a day for 3 days. Morris water maze (MWM) and open filed test (OFT) were employed to assess the cognitive function of rats in different groups. Furthermore, the levels of inflammatory factors of rats in various groups were compared on day 1 and day 7. Results revealed that GbE can enhance neural cell viability, reduce lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and alleviate changes in cell nuclear morphology and DNA fragmentation. In terms of correlation, the NIHSS score was positively associated with TNF-α and IL-1β, and negatively correlated with IL-10 (all P <0.05). Besides, the escape latency was greatly shortened, memory time was prolonged, and the TNF-α and IL-1β were downshifted in P and T groups to the conditions in the M group, showing great differences with P <0.05. This study demonstrated that GbE could inhibit neural cell apoptosis (NCA), remarkably improve the cognitive dysfunction in rats after anesthesia, and regulate the inflammatory factors.