Preparation of Lipid Nano-Bubbles as Contrast Agent Material for Tumor Ultrasound Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Abstract

Ultrasound diagnostic technology has higher application values in tumor diagnosis due to its higher spatial resolution and no radiation. Ultrasound lipid nanobubble contrast material can further improve the accuracy of tumor diagnosis. Therefore, the liposomes were used as shells to encapsulate bio-inert gases to prepare nano-scale microbubbles NBs. Meanwhile, the Annexin V molecules were connected through the conjugation of biotin-avidin to prepare targeted nano-scale ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) Annexin V-Nanobubbles (AVNBs). The tumor-bearing mice apoptosis models were constructed by injecting human breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells, and the nano-scale UCA AV-NBs was used for ultrasound diagnosis, data collection, and statistical analysis. The results showed that the prepared AV-NBs were nano-sized hollow spheres with relatively stable particle size, zeta potential, and excellent stability. By verifying the constructed mice apoptosis models, it was found that mice heterotopic transplantation tumor apoptosis models were successfully constructed. When the mice models were observed by ultrasound, the apoptosis index of the cell was found to be positively correlated with the enhancement degree of the image. Therefore, the enhancement effect of the targeted UCA AV-NBs was obvious. The AV-NBs could be specifically targeted to the apoptotic region of tumor tissue in vivo, which was also slightly enriched in the liver and kidney. Therefore, the experiment found that the targeted nano-scale UCA AV-NBs combined with ultrasound detection could significantly enhance the diagnostic accuracy of breast cancer tumors, which provided the experimental evidence for early tumor diagnosis and evaluation.