Cow comfort and lameness

Abstract

Recommendations for cubicle dimensions (length, width, cubicle divisions, headrail and brisket board, head-to-head cubicles and cubicle frontage), based on resting, eliminative and spatial requirements of Friesian dairy cows, are given. Particular design faults and their effects on the cow (injuries and causes) are tabulated. Requirements and recommendations for construction materials for cubicle bases (concrete, bitumen macadam, chalk or soil, a damp-proof membrane, mats and carpeting) are discussed. Guidance on management and bedding requirements of cubicles is also provided. Spacious cubicles with soft dry beds help to control refusal to use cubicles and reduce injuries to legs and teats. Head-space and space sharing should be allowed. The dimensions of the cubicle base should be related to body weight. Proper design and hygiene are essential to control mastitis, lameness and injuries.