Dynamics of the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of the genes encoding them in wheat after ultrasound exposure

Abstract

The effect of ultrasound (5, 10 and 20 min, intensity 25 kW/m2, frequency 26.1 kHz) on the dynamics of the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and the expression of the genes encoding them (SOD-1, CAT, POD) was studied in germinating seeds and wheat sprouts. Ultrasound after 1 hour predominantly suppressed the activity of antioxidant enzymes, with subsequent restoration and increase (after 1 and 6 days) of activity. The content of mRNA transcripts of the studied genes predominantly increased 1 hour after exposure, and subsequently (after 1 and 6 days) it was either higher or remained equal to the control. The results obtained apparently indicate that ultrasound triggers eustress mechanisms, i. e. the stimulating effect led to the mobilization of protective processes of cells – hormesis.