FRAMEWORK ELEMENTS OR FREE INTERCELLULAR GEL-LIKE MATRIX AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR BUILDING OF ORGAN STRUCTURES DURING REGENERATION

Abstract

Over the past decades, an unimaginably large number of attempts have been made to restore the structure of mammalian organs after damage by introducing stem cells into them. However, this procedure does not lead to a full recovery. At the same time, it is known that complete regeneration (restitution without fibrosis) is possible in organs with proliferating parenchymal cells. An analysis of such models allows us to conclude that the most important condition for the repair of the histological structures of an organ (in the presence of a stem cells) is the preservation of collagen frame structures in it, which serve as “guide rails” for proliferating and differentiating cells. An alternative condition for the complete reconstruction of organ structures is the presence of a free “morphogenetic space” consisting of a gel-like matrix of the embryonic-type connective tissue, which takes place in embryonal development of organs in mammalians or during complete regeneration in amphibians. Approaches aimed at preserving scaffold structures or creating a “morphogenetic space” could radically improve the results of organ regeneration using both local and exogenous stem cells.