Efficiency of the BIOSTIM grain drug usage in the cultivating winter soft wheat technology

Abstract

In the conditions of the Terek-Sulak lowland of the Republic of Dagestan in 2019–2022 studied the effect of biological products on the yield and grain quality of winter soft wheat varieties selected by the National Grain Center by P.P. Lukyanenko (Thunder) and the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Agrarian Center (Carolina 5). An analytical review of literary sources indicates that the use of new varieties and biological products is an important factor in increasing the yield of grain crops, which ensure the profitability of their use at low costs. To determine the effectiveness of biological products, pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar treatment of crops of these varieties of winter soft wheat carried out. Weather conditions during the years of the experiment were generally favorable. The spring-summer development of plants took place in small differences in heat supply with fluctuations in the hydrothermal coefficient from 0.37 to 0.58. As a result, of four years of research, it established that the productivity of crops depends not only on the variety, but also on the scheme of application of biological products and their combinations. The maximum yield is provided by the Carolina variety 5 – 6.44 t/ha, which is 0.87 t/ha higher than that of the Grom variety. The combination of pre-sowing seed soaking with Potassium Humate Prompter and treatment of wheat crops with the biostimulant Biostim grain provided an increase in grain yield of 0.71 t/ha. Calculation of adaptability parameters showed that the Carolina 5 variety is most adapted to specific soil-climatic conditions and the level of technology used, and in this regard, it may be of practical interest in terms of variety replacement of zoned varieties of winter soft wheat for the irrigated zone of the region.