Long-term demographic forecasting

Author:

Makarov V. L.1,Bakhtizin A. R.1,Hua Luo2,Jie Wu3,Zili Wu4,Sidorenko M. Yu.5

Affiliation:

1. Central Economics and Mathematics Institute (CEMI), Russian Academy of Sciences

2. Shanghai International Studies University (SISU)

3. Center for Economic and Social Integration and Forecasting, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS)

4. Guangzhou Milestone Software Co., Ltd.

5. State Academic University for the Humanities (GAUGN)

Abstract

The results of the latest demographic forecasts from the world’s leading specialized centers (United Nations Population Division, the Wittgenstein Center for Demography and Global Human Capital, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) are considered, demonstrating a certain bias in favor of individual countries and their calculation methods. The second part of this article provides a description of a digital twin of the planet’s demographic system constructed by a Chinese−Russian team and implemented in China’s national supercomputer center. In addition, the results of some calculations carried out using this tool are described.

Publisher

The Russian Academy of Sciences

Reference27 articles.

1. Alkema L., Raftery A.E., Gerland P. et al. Probabilistic Projections of the Total Fertility Rate for All Countries // Demography 1. August 2011. № 48 (3). P. 815–839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-011-0040-5

2. World Population Prospects 2022: Methodology of the United Nations population estimates and projections. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (UN DESA/POP/2022/TR/NO. 4). https://population.un.org/ wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2022_Methodology.pdf (дата обращения 24.09.2022).

3. Ševčíková H., Alkema L., Liu P. et al. (2022) bayes TFR: Bayesian Fertility Projection. R Package and documentation version 7.1-1. https://cran.r-project.org/ web/packages/bayesTFR

4. World Population Prospects 2019: Methodology of the United Nations population estimates and projections. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (ST/ESA/SER.A/425). https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/ WPP2019_Methodology.pdf

5. Demographic and Human Capital Scenarios for the 21st Century: 2018 assessment for 201 countries // W. Lutz, A. Goujon, Samir KC et al. (eds.). European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Publications Office of the European Union. Luxembourg, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2760/41776, EUR 29113; http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15226/1/lutz_et_al_2018_ demographic_and_human_capital.pdf

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