Study on Dynamic Response Characteristics of Different Asphalt Pavement Structures Based on ALF Test

Abstract

Introduction. In recent years, one of the main trends in the field of testing road structures has become field study of their large-scale models at the accelerated load facility (ALF). It can significantly reduce the cost of selecting the most economical  and  durable  pavement  designs.  However,  the  results  obtained  on  the ALF  are  often  relative,  since  they practically do not correlate with the results of laboratory and field tests on real objects. This study is aimed at a comprehensive investigation of the response of a road structure to a dynamic load, the establishment of patterns of fatigue failure of asphalt concrete layers during the accelerated testing and full-scale tests on real objects.Materials and Methods. During testing, an accelerated load facility was used, located on the territory of the ShanDong Transport University. When conducting field tests, a dynamic loading unit with a falling weight FWD Primax 1500 was used, which recorded the deflection bowl on the surface of the structure under study. To record the dynamic response in the arrangement of the road structure, a complex of strain gauge sensors was used, which made it possible to register both compressive stresses and tensile strains in different layers. The results obtained under natural conditions were compared to the results obtained on the mathematical FEM model.Results. The research results have shown that the thickness of the lower coating layer is the main factor affecting the amount of vertical deformation of the pavement, which must be taken into account at the design stage of the pavement structure. Thus, with a thickness of the upper layer of the base of 10 cm, the vertical deformation was 100 µm, and with a thickness of 20 cm – 55  µm,  provided  that  the  overall strength of the structure was ensured. The number of load application cycles on the ALF had a minimal effect on the selected asphalt concrete samples during split tensile tests.Discussion and Conclusion. The adequacy of the results obtained in the course of accelerated testing of road structures was shown through a comprehensive comparison of numerical simulation data and full-scale tests, and the adequacy of the applied calculation methods was validated. The results of the study can be further applied in the road industry to develop and improve the regulatory framework for the design of non-rigid pavement under conditions of increased loads and heavy traffic.