Social inclusion of the elderly: Reflections on inclusion, health, and well-being

Abstract

Introduction: This study focuses on aging as a natural process accompanied by physical changes and an increased risk of chronic diseases, emphasizing the importance of strategies to combat ageism and promote healthy longevity. Objective: Analyze the challenges related to aging, considering biological, psychological, social, and economic factors that influence the social inclusion of the elderly. Methods: A narrative review was conducted, analyzing studies that constructed a comprehensive and integrative narrative of the available knowledge on the subject. The connection between different studies and ideas allowed for the identification of relevant information. Social inequality emerges as a determining factor in relation to well-being and social participation, compromising the quality of life of the elderly. Age discrimination also contributes to their exclusion, negatively impacting their self-esteem and well-being. To combat ageism and promote a more inclusive and respectful society towards the elderly, it is essential to raise awareness of this issue and educate people about the importance of valuing and respecting all age groups. Public policies are necessary to ensure that the rights of older people are protected and that they have access to quality services in all areas of life. Only through collective efforts can we build a society that values and respects all generations. In this context, government programs focusing on physical activities for this age group have been shown to be effective in promoting the inclusion and well-being of this population. Besides offering age-appropriate physical activities, these programs encourage social interaction and community integration, improving the quality of life and combating loneliness. These initiatives are developed in partnership with various organizations and institutions, allowing access to specialized resources and knowledge, enhancing their effectiveness. Cities such as São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Curitiba, Rio de Janeiro, and Niterói have successfully implemented these programs. Conclusion: It is concluded that promoting the social inclusion of the elderly requires joint efforts from governments, institutions, civil society, and the community. Investing in exercise and physical activity programs is a significant step in this direction, contributing to dignified aging and better quality of life. Continuous improvement and expansion of these programs are essential to ensure that all older adults, regardless of their socioeconomic status, can enjoy a healthier and more participative life in society.