Abstract
Planning has evolved overtime, from merely design to a complex platform of technical and political tools that aim to guarantee sustainable, liveable and resilient communities and habitats. As a result, planning covers a wide array of issues, objectives and territories, and the approach has developed to include scientific instruments and models and comprehensive analysis next to participatory actions, lobbying and advocacy for policy influencing. One of the most important developments in planning as a field of studies is the identification of environment as a key and integral dimension, thus leading to environmental planning, design and management.
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