Beyond Open Innovation: scientific mapping and the synthesis of the Co-innovation process as a new paradigm

Abstract

Purpose: Mapping the theoretical framework of publications on Open Innovation (OI) and Co-innovation regarding the concept of value and synthesizing the literature on Co-innovation, seeking the flow of contributions and proposing a research agenda. Design/Methodology/Approach: A bibliometric analysis and integrative review was carried out through articles, reviews and conference articles published in international databases according to Prado et al. (2016) and Torraco (2016). Originality: Studies have revisited, refined and criticized OI over the years, whose theoretical field has advanced and debated the emergence of new concepts, such as Co-innovation. However, the discussion about how this new paradigm emerges and dialogues with OI and can be considered an evolutionary theme is still lacking in the literature. Results: Although publications and temporal trends on Co-innovation have shown to be promising, the highlighted authors did not present temporal extension of their productions and the field is still in constant oscillations. Despite the streams of contributions with important scope in the construction of the paradigm, the theme still needs epistemological discussions for theoretical consolidation. Theoretical and methodological contributions: This study contributes to epistemological advances on OI and stimulates reflection for discussions and development of contemporary approaches to innovation. Management contributions: This research presents dimensions and stages of Co-innovation processes with elements that impact its practice. Furthermore, it sheds light on the importance of selecting partners (identifying different actors and their roles in the co-creation process) and establishing adequate mechanisms to encourage client participation.