Evaluation of the Water Quality Parameters from Different Point Sources: A Case Study of West Bengal

Abstract

The cosmos is made up of the five elements Earth, Water, Air, Fire, and Space. All of these resources that support life are now being polluted by anthropogenic activities due to industrial development. The destruction and pollution of the environment, which negatively affects water sources, are greatly exacerbated by human activity, particularly industrialization and agricultural practices. In terms of appropriateness, water's chemical, physical, and biological qualities define its quality. The current study focuses on the evaluation of water quality from various sources of domestic sewage, industrial sewage, and anthropogenic sewage by estimating various quality indicators (also known as physicochemical parameters) such as temperature, pH, Dissolved oxygen (DO), Electrical conductivity (EC), chlorides, sulphates, phosphates, Total hardness (TH), Total soluble solids (TSS), Total solid (TS), Total dissolved solids (TDS), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Biological oxygen demand (BOD5). The obtained results show that there is a significant negative impact on the water quality caused by the discharge of various effluents. Among all, the most detrimental effect on the deterioration of the water quality parameter was found to be caused by industrial effluents mixing with the water. In light of this, the present study suggested a novel method for characterizing the water quality from various point sources. The authors firmly feel that this work will be helpful to a variety of stakeholders and will unquestionably aid a variety of national and international authorities in formulating decisions and strategies.