Macromolecular biomarkers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in exhaled breath condensate

Author:

Kazeminasab Somayeh12,Emamalizadeh Babak3,Jouyban Abolghasem14ORCID,Shoja Mohammadali M5,Khoubnasabjafari Maryam67ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center & Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran

2. Liver & Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14756, Iran

3. Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran

4. Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13135, Iran

5. Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA

6. Tuberculosis & Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran

7. Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14756, Iran

Abstract

Biomarkers provide important diagnostic and prognostic information on heterogeneous diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, finding a suitable specimen for clinical analysis of biomarkers for COPD is challenging. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) sampling is noninvasive, rapid, cost-effective and easily repeatable. EBC sampling has also provided recent progress in the identification of biological macromolecules, such as lipids, proteins and DNA in EBC samples, which has increased its utility for clinical scientists. In this article, we review applications involving EBC sampling for the analysis of COPD biomarkers and discuss its future potential.

Publisher

Future Medicine Ltd

Subject

Biochemistry (medical),Clinical Biochemistry,Drug Discovery

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