Self-emulsifying drug–delivery systems modulate P-glycoprotein activity: role of excipients and formulation aspects

Abstract

Self-emulsifying drug–delivery systems (SEDDS) have been widely employed to ameliorate the oral bioavailability of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate drugs and to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer cells. However, the role of formulation aspects in the reduced P-gp activity is not fully understood. In this review, we first explore the role of various SEDDS excipients in the reduced P-gp activity with the main emphasis on the effective excipient concentration range for excipient-mediated modulation of P-gp activity and then we discuss the synergistic effect of various formulation aspects on the excipient-mediated modulation of P-gp activity. This review provides an approach to develop a rationally designed SEDDS to overcome P-gp-mediated drug efflux.