Treatment of hypertensive patients with diabetes: beyond blood pressure control and focus on manidipine

Abstract

Renin–angiotensin system inhibitors should be considered as the first-line therapy in the treatment of patients with hypertension and diabetes. However, most of the diabetic subjects with hypertension require at least two drugs to achieve blood pressure targets. The ACCOMPLISH trial suggested that the best combination in the treatment of high-risk hypertensive patients should include a renin–angiotensin system inhibitor and a dihydropyridine. However, not all dihydropyridines block the same receptors. Those dihydropyridines that block T-type calcium channel blockers may provide additional advantages. A number of studies suggest that compared with amlodipine, manidipine have the same antihypertensive efficacy, but with a lesser risk of ankle edema. In addition, manidipine, but not amlodipine, significantly reduces urinary albumin excretion rates.