Cancers of the anal canal: diagnosis, treatment and future strategies

Author:

Bown Emma1,Shah Vikas2,Sridhar Thiagarajan3,Boyle Kirsten1,Hemingway David1,Yeung Justin M1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Colorectal Surgery, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK

2. Department of Radiology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK

3. Department of Clinical Oncology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT:  Anal cancer is an uncommon cancer; however, it is rising in incidence. There is confusion regarding nomenclature and the distinction between anal canal cancer and anal margin cancer. This article discusses the modern definition, etiology and staging of anal canal and anal margin cancers. Modern chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens are discussed, in addition to modern imaging and radiotherapy techniques. Future preventative strategies and potential novel treatments are discussed.

Publisher

Future Medicine Ltd

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology,General Medicine

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