Evidence for DNA methylation mediating genetic liability to non-syndromic cleft lip/palate

Author:

Howe Laurence J12,Richardson Tom G1,Arathimos Ryan1,Alvizi Lucas3,Passos-Bueno Maria R,Stanier Philip4,Nohr Ellen5,Ludwig Kerstin U67,Mangold Elisabeth6,Knapp Michael8,Stergiakouli Evie1,Pourcain Beate St1910,Smith George Davey1,Sandy Jonathan11,Relton Caroline L1,Lewis Sarah J111,Hemani Gibran1,Sharp Gemma C111

Affiliation:

1. MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK

2. Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, NW1 2DA, UK

3. Centro de Pesquisas Sobre o Genoma Humano eCélulas-Tronco, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

4. Genetics & Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 3JH, UK

5. Institute of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

6. Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany

7. Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany

8. Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics & Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany

9. Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, 6525 XD, Netherlands

10. Donders Institute, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands

11. Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK

Abstract

Aim: To determine if nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) genetic risk variants influence liability to nsCL/P through gene regulation pathways, such as those involving DNA methylation. Materials & methods: nsCL/P genetic summary data and methylation data from four studies were used in conjunction with Mendelian randomization and joint likelihood mapping to investigate potential mediation of nsCL/P genetic variants. Results & conclusion: Evidence was found at VAX1 (10q25.3), LOC146880 (17q23.3) and NTN1 (17p13.1), that liability to nsCL/P and variation in DNA methylation might be driven by the same genetic variant, suggesting that genetic variation at these loci may increase liability to nsCL/P by influencing DNA methylation. Follow-up analyses using different tissues and gene expression data provided further insight into possible biological mechanisms.

Publisher

Future Medicine Ltd

Subject

Cancer Research,Genetics

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