Affiliation:
1. Department of Structural & Functional Biology, Via Alberto da Giussano 12, 21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy.
2. Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126 Torino, Italy
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common age-related movement disorder, with a prevalence of approximately 2% among people over 65 years of age. The diagnosis of PD is currently based on the clinical manifestations of the disease; therefore, the availability of peripheral biomarkers would have a great impact. In this review, we discuss and compare several attempts made to find peripheral biomarkers of PD to achieve early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, therapy assessment and classification of disease subtypes. Several investigators focused on proteins that are involved in PD pathogenesis. However, the best choice for a sensible biomarker-discovery procedure makes use of global approaches such as metabolomics and proteomics. In addition, the tissue or compartment where biomarkers are located, plays a basic role. In this context, lymphocytes are of particular interest because they are circulating dopaminergic cells, and display several functional modifications in PD.
Subject
Biochemistry, medical,Clinical Biochemistry,Drug Discovery
Cited by
16 articles.
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