A network meta-analysis of the risk of immune-related renal toxicity in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Abstract

Background: We performed a network meta-analysis of the risk of immune-related renal toxicity associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Methods: Eligible studies included randomized trials of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors; describing events of immune-related renal toxicity. Results: Compared with chemotherapy control, immune checkpoint inhibitors carry a higher risk of all-grade (but not high-grade) immune-related renal toxicity. The risk with both nivolumab/ipilimumab combination was higher than the risk with either ipilimumab or nivolumab alone (odds ratio: 0.47 [95% credible interval: 0.21–0.99] and 0.11 [95% credible interval: 0.03–0.29]); for nivolumab/ipilimumab combination versus ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapy). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors is associated with an increased risk of all-grade immune-related renal toxicity compared with chemotherapy control.