Biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility of alumina ceramics reinforced with carbon nanotubes

Author:

Ogihara Nobuhide1,Usui Yuki2,Aoki Kaoru1,Shimizu Masayuki1,Narita Nobuyo1,Hara Kazuo1,Nakamura Koichi1,Ishigaki Norio1,Takanashi Seiji1,Okamoto Masanori1,Kato Hiroyuki1,Haniu Hisao3,Ogiwara Naoko4,Nakayama Noboru5,Taruta Seiichi5,Saito Naoto6

Affiliation:

1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan

2. Research Center for Exotic Nanocarbons, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan and Institute of Carbon Science & Technology, Shinshu University, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan

3. Institute of Carbon Science & Technology, Shinshu University, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan

4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan

5. Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, Wakasato 4-17-1, Nagano, 380–8553, Japan

6. Department of Applied Physical Therapy, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.

Abstract

Aims: The addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) remarkably improves the mechanical characteristics of base materials. CNT/alumina ceramic composites are expected to be highly functional biomaterials useful in a variety of medical fields. Biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility were studied for the application of CNT/alumina composites as biomaterials. Methods & results: Inflammation reactions in response to the composite were as mild as those of alumina ceramic alone in a subcutaneous implantation study. In bone implantation testing, the composite showed good bone tissue compatibility and connected directly to new bone. An in vitro cell attachment test was performed for osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, and CNT/alumina composite showed cell attachment similar to that of alumina ceramic. Discussion & conclusion: Owing to proven good biocompatibility and bone tissue compatibility, the application of CNT/alumina composites as biomaterials that contact bone, such as prostheses in arthroplasty and devices for bone repair, are expected. Original submitted 23 March 2011; Revised submitted 16 November 2011; Published online 8 March 2012

Publisher

Future Medicine Ltd

Subject

Development,General Materials Science,Biomedical Engineering,Medicine (miscellaneous),Bioengineering

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