Of mice and monkeys: new advances in animal models to study HIV-1 therapy and prophylaxis

Author:

Ambrose Zandrea1,KewalRamani Vineet N2

Affiliation:

1. University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, 817B Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.

2. National Cancer Institute, HIV Drug Resistance Program, Building 535, Room 108 Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

Abstract

One of the most significant contemporary challenges in combating HIV-1 infection is the persistence of the virus in infected persons despite potent antiretroviral therapy. Uncovering the requirements for HIV-1 persistence and the development of antiviral drug resistance may be aided by experimental therapy manipulations or invasive procedures best studied within animals. While animal models for HIV-1 infection have revealed important facets of viral pathogenesis and anti-HIV-1 vaccines, they have been less effective in studying HIV-1 therapeutics, drug resistance and persistence. Recent improvements in animal models now enable such investigation. Here, we discuss new and established animal models for HIV-1 infection, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses and suitability for therapeutic studies. A better understanding of HIV-1 replication in response to therapy in vivo will improve regimens needed to manage a possibly lifelong illness, may minimize the development of antiviral resistance and may open strategic avenues in eradicating the virus.

Publisher

Future Medicine Ltd

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases,Virology,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology

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