Traumatic brain injury and gender: what is known and what is not

Abstract

This work seeks to provide a brief review of the present state of knowledge of gender differences in traumatic brain injury and the role of sex hormones in the injury and recovery process. A full appreciation of the extent of the laboratory and clinically important differences remains to be defined. The role such differences will play in designing clinical trials and eventual clinical treatment is part of an exciting future in this arena of research.