Treatment options for clubfoot: an update

Abstract

Clubfoot is one of the most common yet treatable malformations of the musculoskeletal system. It is a composite of hindfoot equinus and varus, and forefoot adductus and cavus. At present, the standard treatment is the Ponseti method, which consists of manipulation and serial casting, tenotomy of the Achilles tendon and bracing; treatment should start as early as possible, ideally within the first weeks of life. Success of this method exceeds 94%. Relapses are treated with recasting or repetition of the Achilles tenotomy. Failures are treated with more complex surgical procedures, such as posteromedial release, tendon transfers and bony procedures in stiff and resistant feet.