Tsunami of immunotherapies in the management of esophageal cancer

Abstract

Esophageal cancer (EC) is relatively frequent and highly lethal cancer, being the sixth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The progressive approvals of immunotherapy as first-line and second-line treatment options have paved the way for an evolving new approach to the treatment of this disease. Management of esophageal cancer is challenging and requires a multimodality approach. Treatment options include surgery, chemoradiotherapy and, recently, immunotherapy. The newest guidelines and FDA approvals regarding immunotherapy for esophageal cancer are reviewed here.