РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ КОСТНОЙ ПЛАСТИКИ ПРИ ПОДГОТОВКЕ К ДЕНТАЛЬНОЙ ИМПЛАНТАЦИИ: АНАЛИЗ РИСКОВ И ФАКТОРОВ УСПЕХА

Abstract

The main obstacle to the long-term success of dental implantation is a deficiency of alveolar ridge bone, which occurs in 25-70% of cases of tooth absence. In this regard, preliminary reconstructive bone surgery is carried out to restore the volume of bone. The Aim of the study was to evaluate the results of various bone plastic techniques in patients in preparation for dental implantation and to identify the success factors of these surgical procedures. Materials and methods: The results of surgery of 281 patients with missing teeth and significant bone atrophy of the jaws were analyzed. Depending on the type of surgery performed, patients are divided into four groups: 1 - guided bone regeneration (GBR); 2 - bone block transplantation (BBT); 3 - open sinus lifting (OSL); 4 - local bone modification (LBM). The results were evaluated using a clinical X-ray examination within 6, 12, 24 months after surgical treatment, using its own 4-point evaluation system and methods of statistical analysis. Results: The analysis of the outcomes of oral bone surgery indicates a significant percentage of unsuccessful outcomes of the GBR bone surgery (76.59%) and BBT (57.14%). Statistical analysis suggests that this is due to a number of factors, the main of which is the number of available bone walls of the defect (atrophy) and its volume. Preoperative assessment of these factors allows predicting the result of bone plastic surgery in patients in preparation for dental implantation.