Variability and relationships of agronomic traits of spring soft wheat in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of Western Siberia

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study the variability and relationships of agronomic traits of spring soft wheat in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of Western Siberia and to identify promising sources for use in the breeding process. Studies were carried out in 2018-2021. The objects of the research were 60 samples of spring soft wheat of various origin (Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, China) from the collections of the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources and Kemerovo Research Institute of Agriculture. Twenty-one samples of spring soft wheat with the growing period of 80-85 days have been identified. According to productivity the following samples have been selected: PM-83-17 (KP-072, Kemerovo, Russian Federation) - 236.0 g/m2, Lyutescents 5-17 (KP-073, Kemerovo, Russian Federation) - 240.0 g/m2, Omskaya 35 (k-64459, Omsk, Russian Federation) - 246 g/m2, Siberian Alliance (k-65242, Barnaul, Kemerovo, Russian Federation) - 252 g/m2, Lyutescents 105/4 (KP-071, Kemerovo, Russian Federation) - 294 g/m2, Ekada 70 (k-64547, Ulyanovsk, Russian Federation) - 310 g/m2 (OMGAU 90 standard - 173 g/m2). The Ekada 70 sample had he lowest yield variability, 19.8 %. The closest conjugation between the yield and the number of grains in the ear was revealed (r = 0.3702), the mass of 1000 grains (r = 0.3769) (confidence threshold R = 0.3323). The mass of grain per ear is largely determined by the mass of 1000 grains (r = 0.9879. The most valuable for breeding work are samples of Russian origin distinguished by a complex of traits: Siberian Alliance, Lyutescens 105/4, Ekada 70.