Affiliation:
1. Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS
2. Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS; Ural State Medical University
Abstract
Widespread introduction and early initiation of antiretroviral therapy significantly improves the prognosis in people living with HIV — with an increase in the number of CD4+ T-lymphocytes, the incidence of HIV-related diseases and the mortality rate decreases. Despite suppression of HIV replication, a fraction of ART-treated patients fails to achieve normalization of CD4+ T-cell counts. These patients have an increased risk of clinical progression to AIDS and non-AIDS events. Currently, there are no clear criteria for determining the case of immunological inefficiency of ART. To date, mechanisms of incomplete immune reconstitution in HIV-infected patients have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, in this review, we aim to attract the attention of specialists to this problem — we summarized the results of recent studies and current literature data, described possible mechanisms and risk factors for the development of immunological inefficiency of ART; presented the studied therapeutic strategies aimed at recovering the immunity in HIV-infected patients.
Publisher
Baltic Medical Education Center
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Immunology
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