STATE OF STUDENTS HEALTH AND HEALTHSAVING TECHNOLOGIES: REGIONAL EXPERIENCE OF RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES

Abstract

The problem of health of students of higher education institutions of different regions of Russia at the present time is considered. The most common diseases of students are noted: diseases of the respiratory and digestive systems. Most authors point to an increase in the incidence of students from junior to senior courses, but a number of studies indicate the reverse trend, which can be explained by increasing the adaptive capacity of students. The characteristics of risk factors for students’ health, including those associated with the educational process, are given. Some risk factors are attributed to ineradicable: high psycho-emotional and mental stress, periodic violation of the daily regimen. The appearance of a high level of stress on the body of students is most typical during the examination session, which contributes to the development of neurotic states. It is possible to minimize the disposable risk factors, for example, characterizing the lifestyle (motor activity, food), and also the organization and availability of medical care for students. The main reasons that encourage students not to seek help in medical institutions, but, on the contrary, to self-medicate are highlighted. Modern health-saving technologies used by different educational organizations are analyzed. It was proposed to create integrated health-saving programs on the basis of universities, including physiological and hygienic substantiation of the schedule of classrooms, monitoring the health status and morbidity of students, creating the necessary infrastructure for physical education and sports. Examples of universities in different regions of Russia with established health Centers and successfully implemented health-saving technologies are given.