INCREASING OF WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY ON A BIOLOGICAL BASIS

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to determine the impact of new environmentally friendly preparations on the formation of the crop and resistance of winter wheat to the most common fungal diseases. To achieve the goal of the research a field experiment was carried out on the basis of the scientific and educational production center "Integration" in the Orel district of the Orel region in 2016-2018. The options in the field experiment were arranged systematically in one tier. Repeatability in the experiments was 3-fold. Winter wheat was sown in the first decade of September. The background of mineral nutrition was N30P30K30. In spring double fertilizing with ammonium nitrate was carried out at 125 kg / ha. The experience options were: 1 – Control, without treatment; 2 – Trichodermin, seed treatment + treatment of crops in the tillering phase + in the tube exit phase; 3 – Trichodermin + Ultramag Combi grain, seed treatment + treatment of crops in the tillering phase + in the tube exit phase. The high efficiency of trichodermin and Ultramag Combi grain preparations on the winter wheat Moskovskaya 39 on dark gray forest soil was revealed. When treating seeds with a mixture of these preparations, the germination energy increased by 7%, and the laboratory germination rate increased by 9% compared to the control variant (without treatments). The high biological effectiveness treatment of seeds and double treatment of crops with a mixture of Trichoderma Ultramega Kombi grain against the causative agents of mushroom diseases was revealed. The development of Septoria decreased by 35.1% and brown rust-by 42.4% relative to the control option. The treatment of seeds and plants of winter wheat with Trichodermin alone provided an increase in yield by 19%, and a mixture of Trichodermin and Ultramagus Combined grain – by 23%.