Exploring the Expansion of Higher Education and Youth Employment Issues from a Development Perspective

Abstract

This article examines the expansion of higher education in China and its impact on youth employment from a developmental perspective. It delves into the theory of human capital, which views education as a critical investment in economic growth, and contrasts it with the persistent issue of youth unemployment despite educational growth. The study highlights structural mismatches in the labor market, exacerbated by globalization and marketization, which have led to an increase in low-quality employment and weakened income distribution. By reviewing the historical evolution of employment policies, the mechanisms of employment, and the theoretical perspectives on education and employment, the paper argues that the globalization-driven expansion of higher education has not resolved employment issues as expected. The mismatch between the supply of highly educated individuals and the demand for low-end labor, influenced by China's position in the global economic system, presents a complex challenge. The article concludes by suggesting that addressing global economic dependencies and structural inequalities is crucial for improving youth employment outcomes in China.