Prevalence of clinical conditions observed in small animals presented at veterinary clinics in Southern Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: A retrospective study was conducted at Veterinary Clinics in Delta State, Nigeria to estimate the prevalence of clinical conditions in small animals (dogs and cats) from January 2006 to December, 2016. Methods: A total of 13647 clinical cases presented in veterinary clinics in Delta State, Nigeria were reviewed (n = 13605 dogs, n = 44 cats). Prevalence of clinical conditions were analysed on the basis of diagnosis, species, breed, sex and age. Results: The study revealed that canine cases where more (99.7%) as compared to feline cases (0.3%). Helminths infection was highest in canine species (21.3%) and ectoparasite infection was highest for feline species (26.2%). The prevalence for routine vaccinations against rabies and canine distemper were also among the highest clinical presentations (19.9% and 16%, respectively) in dogs. Presentation for vaccination and health check-up condition in puppies (<1 year) was higher than in adult dogs (> 3 years). Ascites and ophthalmic conditions had the least prevalence (0.5% and 2.4%) in dogs and cats respectively. Significance: The findings addressed the vaccination and pet health care awareness amongst pet owners and breeders in the region, the variations in the veterinary practice across the region and raises awareness for veterinarians in practice in the region to prepare for prevalent disease conditions. It also provided a direction in planning and policy decision making for the State Veterinary Services Department especially when making budget for drug and consumables.