Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Neoplasia of the Greater Curvature of the Upper and Middle Stomach: J-shaped Superficial Cutting and Splashed Dissection

Abstract

Background and Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become a standard treatment for early gastric neoplasia. However, as the upper and middle body of the greater curvature has a rich vasculature and submucosal fibrosis, ESD of neoplasia in these locations requires a specific strategy. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the J-shaped superficial cutting and splashed submucosal dissection (JSCS) technique for neoplasia of the greater curvature by comparing ESD using JSCS with conventional ESD. Methods: Twenty-two patients who underwent ESD for gastric neoplasia affecting the upper and middle body of the greater curvature were divided into two groups for retrospective analysis. Nine patients underwent conventional ESD (c-Group), while 13 underwent ESD with JSCS (j-Group). Primary outcome was the en bloc resection rate. Secondary outcomes included complete resection (R0) rate, procedure time, perforation rate, total bleeding time, and the total number of massive bleeding events and of hemostatic forceps times applied during ESD. Results: There were no significant differences between both groups (c-Group vs j-Group) in en bloc resection rate, or R0 resection rate. Compared with the c-Group, the j-Group tended to have a decreased mean procedure time (mean 133 minutes vs 74 minutes, p=0.11) and perforation rate (11% vs 0%, p=0.41). Compared with the c-Group, the j-Group had significantly fewer bleeding incidents (13.4 times vs 6.6 times, p=0.0095), shorter total bleeding time (17.6 min vs 7.4 min, p=0.036), and fewer usages of hemostatic forceps (6.3 times vs 2.4 times, p=0.026) during ESD. Conclusion: Endoscopic submucosal dissection with JSCS is superior to conventional ESD, as it reduces intraprocedural bleeding. This technique has the potential to become the standard strategy for neoplasia affecting the upper and middle body of the greater curvature.