Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a poorly recognized and reversible condition in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that could mimic neuropsychiatric lupus. The manifestations of PRES are headache, seizures, altered level of consciousness and blindness. In most cases, computed tomography of the brain shows hypodense lesions in the parieto-occipital lobe. Although this syndrome is rare, rapid and accurate recognition allows early treatment with favorable results. We present a case report of a patient with the onset of SLE following the episode of eclampsia, and who during the late puerperium presented sustained hypertension associated with seizures and deterioration of the level of consciousness in the context of PRES.