Etiopathogenetic parallels and unresolved issues of pathogenesis of comorbidity COPD and metabolic syndrome (review)

Abstract

The review analyzes the etiological and pathogenetic factors (including immunopathogenesis factors) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and metabolic syndrome (MS), cites data on clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of combined pathology, emphasizes the commonality of risk factors and individual links of pathogenesis in syntropy.The clinical and pathogenetic features of the comorbidity of COPD and MS are closely related to the severity of chronic “metabolic” inflammation induced by elements of adipose tissue. Functional and biochemical disorders recorded in metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia) are considered as factors contributing to dysfunction of the components of innate and adaptive immunity.The review formulates a number of unresolved issues of the pathogenesis of comorbid pathology, the study of which is necessary to search for the mutual aggravating effect of COPD and MS mechanisms. In view of the clinical and laboratory metabolic syndrome equivalents variety, the authors emphasize the relevance of future studies of the pathogenetic features of chronic inflammation associated with the comorbidity of the main components of metabolic syndrome and COPD, to develop effective methods of prevention and pathogenetic therapy of comorbid pathology.