Prevalence of prediabetes in adults and its association with sociodemographic, nutritional, metabolic and mental disorders factors: Home Health Survey, Piauí, Brazil.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate prevalence of prediabetes and to investigate its associated factors in adults living in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil Methods Cross-sectional, home-based study, with both genders adults in Teresina, Piauí. The prevalence of prediabetes was estimated using the fasting glucose test, and was classified according to the American Diabetes Association standards (≥100mg/dL; <126mg/dL). The associations between prediabetes and the variables: sociodemographic, anthropometric, food consumption, blood pressure levels, triglycerides and common mental disorders were tested. In addition, a variable was created to verify the association of the simultaneous presence of risk factors in the same individual. Data were reviewed using Pearson’s chi-square test and Poisson regression for crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, considering a significance level of 5%. Results A total of 224 adults participated in the study, of which 154 (68.7%) were female, aged between 20 and 39 years (53.1%). An 8.04% prevalence of prediabetes was observed. A statistically significant association (p<0.05) was found between lower education (0 to 8 years of study; 17.3%) and increased triglycerides levels (≥150mg/dL; 13.7%). Higher gross prevalence (PR: 2.53; CI 95%: 1.05-6.05) prediabetes ratios were observed with 5 or more simultaneous risk factors when compared to individuals who had up to 4 simultaneous risk factors. Conclusion Low schooling, hypertriglyceridemia and the presence of five or more simultaneous risk factors were associated with prediabetes; however, these risk factors are subject to intervention. Therefore, this study points to the need for changes in lifestyle habits as a strategy for glycemic control and diabetes prevention.