Leaf optical properties as affected by shade in saplings of six tropical tree species differing in successional status

Abstract

Tree species differing in successional status may present different responses to shade. Adjustments at leaf level may affect their optical properties, leading to changes in PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) absorbance. The aim of this study was to evaluate leaf optical properties as affected by understory shade in saplings of six tropical tree species differing in successional status and degree of shade tolerance. Chlorophyll content and specific leaf area (SLA) were also evaluated. The effects of shade on leaf optical properties and chlorophyll content differed among the studied species, whereas increased SLA was a common response for all species, reflecting the occurrence of thinner leaves under shade. The three studied shade-tolerant species - Esenbeckia leiocarpa, Myroxylon peruiferum and Hymenaea courbaril - presented a greater PAR absorbance under shade. The response of the shade-intolerant species was varied. While Schizolobium parahyba also showed a greater PAR absorbance under shade, Chorisia speciosa did not alter its spectral properties and Cecropia pachystachya presented an opposite pattern, with smaller absorbance under shade. Increases in leaf chlorophyll content were significant in the shade-tolerant species, whereas they were absent or of small magnitude in the shade-intolerant ones. Although the shade-induced decrease of leaf reflectance was the only response that safely discriminated tolerant from intolerant species, the adjustments in leaf chlorophyll content and optical properties were more consistent for the tolerant species.