Bacterial pneumonia in horses associated with Escherichia coli infection: report of five cases

Abstract

ABSTRACT Respiratory diseases have a major impact on sport horses and are often cited as the second most common reason for loss of training days and significant veterinary costs. Adult horses most commonly develop pneumonia when bacteria aspirated from the environment, nose, or oropharynx reach the lower airways and overwhelm the pulmonary defense mechanisms. This article report five cases of bacterial pneumonia in horses associated with infection by Eschericia coli. Five Quarter horses, three males and two females, with ages varying from 5 to 12 years, were examined for diagnosis of respiratory disease characterized by apathy, cough and lack of appetite. Auscultation of the thorax revealed increased harsh breath sounds dorsally, crackles, wheezes, and dullness of respiratory sounds ventrally. Manipulation of the trachea and larynx induced cough. Culture results were positive for Escherichia coli. The therapeutic protocol consisted of anti-inflammatory, antibiotic therapy, and supportive care. Flunixin meglumine was administered intravenously at 24-hour intervals over eight days. Ceftiofur sodium was prescribed intramuscularly, q.d., for 15 days. Horses were clinically monitored daily until complete remission of clinical signs. None of the animals relapsed, and all returned to routine athletic activities.