Relationship between oral status, swallowing function, and nutritional risk in older people with and without Parkinson's disease

Author:

Araújo Ramon Cipriano Pacheco de1ORCID,Godoy Cynthia Meira de Almeida2ORCID,Ferreira Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo2ORCID,Godoy Juliana Fernandes1ORCID,Magalhães Hipólito1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

2. Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Brasil

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose To compare oral status, swallowing function (through instrumental and SLH assessment), and nutritional risk between dysphagic individuals with and without Parkinson's disease. Method This is a cross-sectional retrospective study based on data collected from medical records. It included 54 dysphagic older adults, divided into two groups according to the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. The study collected data on the speech-language-hearing assessment of postural control, tongue mobility and strength, maximum phonation time (MPT), and cough efficiency. Oral status was assessed using the number of teeth and the Eichner Index. The level of oral intake and pharyngeal signs of dysphagia were analyzed with four food consistencies, according to the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative classification, using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, for comparison between groups. The severity of pharyngeal residues was analyzed and classified with the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale, and the nutritional risk was screened with the Malnutrition Screening Tool. Results The group of older adults with Parkinson's disease was significantly different from the other group in that they had fewer teeth, unstable postural control, reduced tongue strength, reduced MPT, weak spontaneous coughing, pharyngeal signs, less oral intake, and nutritional risk. Conclusion Dysphagic older people with Parkinson's disease had different oral status, swallowing function, and nutritional risk from those without the diagnosis.

Publisher

FapUNIFESP (SciELO)

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