Dental surgical care in blood dyscrasias patients: an epidemiological study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: In Brazil, about 18.500 people have some kind of hereditary coagulopathy. In combination, the increase in life expectancy has led to an increasingly frequent presence of older people in medical offices. These patients make use of many drugs, including those that produce anticoagulant effects. The dentist should be aware about the impact of bleeding disorders during the approach of their patients, especially if invasive procedures are considered. Objective: To identify the most prevalent blood dyscrasias presented by patients covered by the Program of dental surgical care to patients with blood dyscrasias; to establish the presence of associated diseases and investigate the correlation between pre- and postoperative drug protocols and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Methods: This was an epidemiological retrospective cross-sectional study of medical reports used by the program. After the survey of defined variables, data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel ® software and evaluated using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: One patient was identified as having Human Immunodeficiency Virus and 18 with Hepatitis C virus. There was a statistically significant difference between patients with haemophilia B and Hepatitis C. The administration of tranexamic acid as pre- and post-surgical protocol was the therapy of choice. Of the 11 patients with vWD, 7 of them received tranexamic acid as preoperative medication. Conclusion: The appropriate retention system for the patient depends on several factors, including indication, advantages and disadvantages, retention provided, aesthetics and clinical performance.