Factors associated with overweight and central adiposity in urban workers covered by the Workers Food Program of the Brazilian Amazon Region

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors associated with overweight and abdominal obesity in male and female workers. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional population-based study. A representative sample of 1,054 workers ranging from 18 to 74 years of age, selected among individuals covered by the Workers´ Food Program living in the Metropolitan region of Belém, Northern Brazil. Health-related behavior and anthropometry were assessed. Fasting blood samples were collected. RESULTS: Overweight prevalence was 38.0% among women and 50.4% among men. Among overweight subjects, there were 6.1% obese women and 10.7% obese men. Multivariate analysis was used to identify social behavior and clinical-biochemical factors associated with increased body adiposity (BMI > 25 kg/m² and increased waist circumference: > 80 cm for women and > 94 cm for men). Variables positively and significantly associated with overweight and abdominal obesity in men according to prevalence ratio (PR) values were: age (1.02), high family income (1.05), smoking (1.36), hypertension (systolic blood pressure, 1.41; diastolic blood pressure, 1.85) and hypertriglyceridemia (2.29). In women, the PR of increased body adiposity was associated with: age (1.02), alcohol intake (1.42), hypertriglyceridemia (1.44), diastolic blood pressure (1.65) and hyperglycemia (1.71). CONCLUSIONS: The association of overweight and abdominal obesity with social behavior variables should be corrected with preventive and educational measures. Furthermore, association of overweight and abdominal obesity with clinical and biochemical variables places the urban workers from the Amazon region assisted by the Workers´ Food Program at a possible risk for morbidity and mortality from increased body adiposity.