Affiliation:
1. Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, Brazil
2. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil
3. Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Brazil
4. Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The presence of weeds on fields is a concern for farmers, due to competition with the commercial crops, reducing yields. The intercropping of maize with legumes provides weed control; after senescence, the nutrients accumulated by plants are released, recycling nutrients. The study of plant species and their diversity is called phytosociology. This study aimed at evaluating the accumulation of dry phytomass by maize intercropped with legumes and weeds species, and at evaluating nutrient cycling and the phytosociology of weeds. The experiment consisted of maize intercropped with legumes cover crops: jack-beans, Brazilian jack-beans, velvet bean, lablab-beans, and pigeon pea, and the control treatment (maize without intercrop), all without chemical or mechanical weed control. Maize was sown in the plots, and legumes were sown 64 days after maize. Maize was harvested 120 days after sowing (DAS), and legumes at 144 DAS. Weeds were sampled at 84 and 144 DAS. It was possible to evaluate the accumulation of dry phytomass, the nutrient content of the intercrop components, and the phytosociology of weeds. The phytomass accumulation by maize was not affected by the intercrop with legumes. The intercrop with velvet bean accumulated higher dry phytomass and suppressed weeds. Jack beans accumulated dry mass, but did not suppress weeds. The intercropping system changed the diversity of weeds. Panicum maximum, Commelina nudiflora, Commelina benghalensis, Leonotis nepetaefolia and Melampodium divaricatum stood out by presenting higher values of phytosociological index and nutrient recycling.
Subject
Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science,Physiology,Biochemistry
Reference30 articles.
1. Características de alguns adubos verdes de interesse para a conservação e recuperação de solos;Alvarenga R.C.;Pesq Agrop Bras,1995
2. Atributos fitotécnicos de plantas de cobertura para a proteção do solo;Cardoso D.P.;Rev Verde,2013
3. Sistemas de produção de grãos e incidência de plantas daninhas;Castro G.S.A.;Planta Daninha,2011
4. Interferência do feijão-de-porco na dinâmica de plantas daninhas no cultivo do milho orgânico em sistemas de plantio direto e convencional;Correa M.L.P.;Rev Bras Agroecol,2014
5. ABEAS. Curso de fertilidade e manejo de solo;Costa L.M.,1994