Awareness and knowledge of related gymnasium related kidney diseases in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: A gymnasium is a place for physical activities and frequent consumption of hormonal and non-hormonal supplements by athletes in order to build muscles and gain strength in a short time. The gymnasium can be the cause of several renal diseases through different practices such as extensive exercises, consuming energy drinks, and insulin injection. In addition, the use of anabolic steroids has a direct and indirect impact on kidney health. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess people's awareness and knowledge of certain bad athletic behaviors leading to kidney disease. Young people could play a role in changing the behavior of their society and raising awareness. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design. Our questionnaire was used to assess levels of awareness and understanding about Gymnasium, body building, and the associated negative effects on kidney health and illness. An online questionnaire was created using Google Forms, and a link was sent. To fill out the questionnaire, each participant must first consent to participate. Following the coding of the questionnaire responses, statistical analysis was performed. Results: The participants were mostly in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Of the 191 individuals, 93.7% preferred to use the Survey in Arabic; 41.7% were female; and their ages ranged from 15 to 41 years old, with an average of 29 years old. The young age group of 21–25 constituted 33.3%, and 25% were > 41 years old. The majority of participants were from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (66.7%). It was clear to us that most people had less knowledge about the relationship between exercise and kidney failure (57%). On the other hand, there was a high percentage of people who believed that steroid and hormone use was harmful to their health (69.8%). In addition, we found that the majority of people who exercise are over 41 years of age, which leads to a higher level of awareness of nutritional supplements and knowledge. Conclusion: Nephropathy in the gym is complex, and its prevention relies on public knowledge, support, and active engagement. We urge that health workers and medical students play an essential role in raising awareness and information about the risk of nutrition supplements on the kidney and those public lectures be presented regularly.