Abstract
Embryo implantation requires healthy uterine endometrium for natural or assisted reproductive technology conception. However, in presence of any endometrial anatomical abnormality or disease, implantation is affected. Uterine or endometrial polyps are over growths of endometrial cells that extend into the uterine cavity. They are usually noncancerous. There can be one or many polyps. They range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters or larger. They may cause vaginal bleeding in between periods, heavy periods, frequent or unpredictable periods and infertility. The objective of this study was to find out effects of endometrial polyps on embryo implantation in assisted reproductive technology cycles of Saudi women being treated at an infertility clinic. This was a case-control study. The participants were in ratio of 5:1 i.e., for every 5 patients there was one control. The polyp diagnosis was carried out with ultrasound and endometrial biopsy. We observed high incidence of implantation failure in patients with uterine polyps as compared to that in the control patients. The results of this study indicated that the presence of endometrial polyps is a risk factor for infertility and failure of conception after in vitro fertilization.