Exploring the causes of preexposure prophylaxis of HIV failure–future developments for overcoming the same–a mini review

Author:

Kochar Kaur Kulvinder,Allahbadia Gautam,Singh Mandeep

Abstract

Although preexposure prophylaxis (Pr EP), which involves use of antiretroviral drugs by non infected individuals for prevention of acquisition of HIV, has been a promising prevention strategy there are still some public health questions that need an answer. Intake of oral emtricitabine (FTC)–tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) daily or oral TDF alone is highly effective in preventing HIV acquisition in HIV people at risk which might be the result of a wide range of different types of sexual exposure. Good efficacy has been seen both in women and men along with if men had sex with men (MSM) and transgender. Different studies have been conducted in various countries and epidemics. Because there is a big problem about adherence to this treatment which varies geographically questions about its public health benefit have been raised. Oral FTC/TDF has been found to be very safe, having, minimal impact on kidney, bone or pregnancy outcomes. No evidence is found that effectiveness is decreased by risk compensation outcomes and programmatic follow up. Still it is very early to assess the impact of this treatment on the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) at population level. There are many challenges on use of PrEP with limited access with disparities along with those decided by race and sex, along with different pricing and availability of the drugs in the country. Further social effects decide the use of this TDF alone or TDF/FTC. With regard to that newer drugs like cabotegavir are being explored. Aim of this mini review has been to find a way how this Pr EP can be fully utilized for HIV prevention world over.

Publisher

MedCrave Group Kft.

Subject

General Medicine

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