Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated health outcomes among adults with skin cancer

Abstract

Background: Ongoing investigations established the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and chronic diseases, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. However, the specific association between ACEs and skin cancer remains relatively unexplored in scientific literature. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among individuals with a skin cancer diagnosis. Methods: Data from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factors and Surveillance Study (BRFSS) were analyzed. The study included 418,268 adults, with 41,773 individuals diagnosed with skin cancer. HRQOL measures, including physical health, mental health, and lifestyle impairment, were assessed using self-reported data. ACEs were identified through participants' responses to 11 specific questions. Multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for demographic variables. Results: Skin cancer survivors with a history of ACEs reported significantly poorer physical health (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.24-1.56) and mental health (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.81-2.51) compared to those without ACEs. They also experienced higher levels of lifestyle impairment related to health (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.16-1.48). Commonly reported ACEs included parental separation, exposure to domestic violence, and verbal abuse. Discussion: This study highlights the detrimental impact of childhood maltreatment on HRQOL among skin cancer survivors. Healthcare professionals should be attentive to the unique needs of this population by providing comprehensive support and interventions. Conclusion: Childhood maltreatment has a significant negative impact on HRQOL among skin cancer survivors. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing the psychological and emotional well-being of individuals with a history of ACEs. Healthcare professionals should consider the specific needs of this vulnerable population to provide appropriate care and support. Further research is required to deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to develop effective interventions to improve the well-being of skin cancer survivors with a history of childhood maltreatment. Furthermore, longitudinal analyses and objective measures are needed to establish causal relationships and mitigate potential biases.